拱板設備之大跨度拱形鋼結構主拱吊裝及拱形屋面安裝
1.分段及吊機(ji)的選擇
根(gen)據施工現(xian)場的(de)實際情況,結合(he)鋼(gang)(gang)構(gou)件的(de)總(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)量,進(jin)行(xing)吊(diao)(diao)裝機械(xie)的(de)選擇(ze)及分段(duan)數量。首先考(kao)慮吊(diao)(diao)裝機械(xie)的(de)一般起重(zhong)(zhong)量,工作半徑,并結合(he)鋼(gang)(gang)無梁(liang)拱總(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)量,底部混凝土柱的(de)柱距等(deng),確定(ding)鋼(gang)(gang)無梁(liang)拱分段(duan)數量及尺寸,根(gen)據單體重(zhong)(zhong)量最大時的(de)起重(zhong)(zhong)參(can)數,進(jin)行(xing)吊(diao)(diao)機的(de)選擇(ze)。
2.拱形屋面安裝總體流程:
進行鋼(gang)柱(zhu)及鋼(gang)柱(zhu)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)連梁拱(gong)形(xing)(xing)屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)安(an)裝(zhuang),2)為了使屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)結構(gou)形(xing)(xing)成穩定的(de)(de)體系(xi),所以對(dui)(dui)兩端第(di)二段中間(jian)(jian)拱(gong)進行拱(gong)形(xing)(xing)屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)安(an)裝(zhuang),并(bing)進行兩端屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)梁和鋼(gang)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)拼裝(zhuang)拱(gong)形(xing)(xing)屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)安(an)裝(zhuang),同時對(dui)(dui)兩端屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)梁之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)連梁和水平剪刀支撐進行拱(gong)形(xing)(xing)屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)安(an)裝(zhuang)
在(zai)卸(xie)(xie)荷前(qian),整個(ge)鋼結構荷載(zai)(zai)分別由鋼柱、支撐架(jia)及主拱(gong)(gong)(gong)承(cheng)(cheng)擔,卸(xie)(xie)載(zai)(zai)時(shi)支撐架(jia)上所承(cheng)(cheng)受的(de)荷載(zai)(zai)逐(zhu)漸(jian)過度到鋼柱和(he)主拱(gong)(gong)(gong)上,最終形(xing)成穩定的(de)承(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)(zai)體系(xi)。卸(xie)(xie)載(zai)(zai)過程是使屋蓋系(xi)統(tong)緩慢(man)協同空間(jian)受力(li)的(de)過程,此時(shi)整個(ge)屋蓋系(xi)統(tong)的(de)內力(li)重新(xin)分布,并逐(zhu)漸(jian)過度到設計狀(zhuang)態(tai)。在(zai)卸(xie)(xie)載(zai)(zai)時(shi)應遵循“變形(xing)協調、卸(xie)(xie)載(zai)(zai)均衡”的(de)原(yuan)則(ze),采(cai)用從中間(jian)向兩邊逐(zhu)步卸(xie)(xie)荷的(de)施工方(fang)案(an),先卸(xie)(xie)載(zai)(zai)中間(jian)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)支撐架(jia),卸(xie)(xie)完(wan)后再進行主拱(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)卸(xie)(xie)荷,兩榀主拱(gong)(gong)(gong)應同時(shi)由中間(jian)向兩端進行。
2.卸(xie)荷具體施工過(guo)程(cheng):
1)在主拱下各(ge)支撐架的(de)支撐點(dian)(dian)的(de)H型鋼(gang)梁上設臵型號為QL50的(de)50噸螺旋千斤頂,支撐點(dian)(dian)上設臵一(yi)個(ge)。
2)在(zai)每(mei)個螺旋(xuan)千(qian)斤頂(ding)的頂(ding)部利用(yong)Φ219的鋼(gang)管做套筒,再在(zai)鋼(gang)管的頂(ding)部做與拱(gong)架角度相同(tong)的支托(tuo)做為臨時支撐。
3)調節螺栓千斤頂(ding)(ding)的(de)高度,使支托支撐在拱(gong)架的(de)底(di)部,頂(ding)(ding)緊到位。本文(wen)轉載自專業制作(zuo)“拱(gong)形屋頂(ding)(ding)”、“拱(gong)形屋面”、“無梁拱(gong)”、“無梁拱(gong)形屋頂(ding)(ding)”、“金屬拱(gong)形屋頂(ding)(ding)”、“江(jiang)蘇(su)拱(gong)形屋頂(ding)(ding)”的(de)江(jiang)蘇(su)杰(jie)達鋼結構(gou)工程有(you)限公(gong)司。
4)在每根(gen)H型梁(liang)千(qian)斤頂的落(luo)位處設臵鋼(gang)板卡碼,固定千(qian)斤頂,防止千(qian)斤頂在支(zhi)撐H型鋼(gang)梁(liang)上(shang)滑落(luo)和(he)失穩,
5)待所(suo)有支撐點上的(de)臨(lin)時千(qian)斤頂(ding)支撐到位、頂(ding)緊后,按照(zhao)從中(zhong)間到兩邊的(de)順序逐漸拆除原臨(lin)時的(de)支撐,讓(rang)主(zhu)拱逐步落(luo)位在千(qian)斤頂(ding)支托(tuo)上
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